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The European Union as a Foreign Policy Actor on the Sanctions Scene: The Case of Burma
Růžičková, Jana ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hyniová, Andrea (referee)
In connection with its foreign policy, the European Union was until 2003 often seen as an actor lacking basically any "hard" power and it was often labeled as a "normative" power, "civilian" power etc. However, a group of scholars led by Ian Manners has been claiming that in connection with the adoption of the European Security Strategy in December 2003 the EU has lost its "soft" characteristics and has moved closer towards a traditional military actor. The master thesis deals with this issue of the alleged militarization of the Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) after 2003/2004 while focusing on one particular area of the CFSP - the policy of restrictive measures or sanctions. This area is unique because of its special characteristic: on one hand, sanctions as such represent a "hard", coercive foreign policy tool and on the other, the EU has been autonomously using them already since the 1980s. The question therefore is what the frequent use of sanctions implies about the character of the EU and whether does the policy of restrictive measures stand, as a matter of principle, in opposition to being a "soft" power. By means of discourse analysis of the official EU sanction documents and by using the case of Burma (which represents a "typical case"), the thesis attempts to demonstrate,...
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The Development of EU's Security Policy after 2014
Kříž, Zdeněk ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the development of the common EU security policy between the years 2014-2019. Its aim is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the rapid progress of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) in recent years, as well as to an explanation of their current functioning. The work seeks to achieve this through the three dominant strands of new institutionalism (historical, rationalist and sociological), which have already proven to be the theories able to clarify the European integration process. The thesis examines the process of EU security integration and its strengthening through the creation of new tools in the security-political dimension. Each theoretical variant focuses on different issues and different part of reality, this way the thesis leads to a more comprehensive explanations. The basic research question set out is as follows: How can we explain the unprecedented development of a common EU security policy using the dominant strands of new institutionalism in the period 2014-2019? From a methodological point of view, it is conducted as a one-case qualitative study.
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Redefinition of Sweden's security policy at the turn of millennium
Malina, Václav ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
This thesis verifies a statement that the specific Swedish security policy of military non- alignment, reformulated from a policy of neutrality after the end of the Cold War, was compatible with Sweden's involvement in the European integration structures between 1990 and 2009. Compatibility is assessed based on a definition of military non-alignment, consisting of a general condition of non-participation in military alliances, or in other words the non- existence of mutual security guarantees, as well as two specific Swedish conditions, independent foreign policy and resistance to common defence. Regarding independent foreign policy, EU's CFSP retained unanimous decisions about basic outline and did not violate Sweden's independence in this field. Concerning resistance to common defence, CSDP did not lead to mutual security guarantees or a unified army. Even further away from this is NATO's Partnership for Peace programme. Solidarity Declaration and Lisbon Treaty constituted a threat to Sweden's military non-alignment, yet the country insisted it decided about the military assistance to other countries on its own. Nordic and Nordic-Baltic defence cooperation did not endanger Sweden's specific policy. Instead, it proved that the functional approach to security policy, applied by Nordic countries, is...
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The European Union as a Foreign Policy Actor on the Sanctions Scene: The Case of Burma
Růžičková, Jana ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hyniová, Andrea (referee)
In connection with its foreign policy, the European Union was until 2003 often seen as an actor lacking basically any "hard" power and it was often labeled as a "normative" power, "civilian" power etc. However, a group of scholars led by Ian Manners has been claiming that in connection with the adoption of the European Security Strategy in December 2003 the EU has lost its "soft" characteristics and has moved closer towards a traditional military actor. The master thesis deals with this issue of the alleged militarization of the Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) after 2003/2004 while focusing on one particular area of the CFSP - the policy of restrictive measures or sanctions. This area is unique because of its special characteristic: on one hand, sanctions as such represent a "hard", coercive foreign policy tool and on the other, the EU has been autonomously using them already since the 1980s. The question therefore is what the frequent use of sanctions implies about the character of the EU and whether does the policy of restrictive measures stand, as a matter of principle, in opposition to being a "soft" power. By means of discourse analysis of the official EU sanction documents and by using the case of Burma (which represents a "typical case"), the thesis attempts to demonstrate,...
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Multilateralism in German Forreign and Security Policy 1999-2011
Schwarzová, Petra ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Martin (referee)
Resumé Studie transformace německého multilateralismu v zahraniční politice pomocí jednotlivých případových studií ukázala, že se pro jednotlivá období dají vysledovat jasné tendence, které odpovídají jednotlivým konceptualizacím multilateralismu. Ačkoli se změnily zahraničněpolitické priority a multilateralismus získal nové rozměry, nelze mluvit o hegemonizaci či unilateralizaci německé politiky. V devadesátých letech se Německo pomalu normalizovalo a prolomilo některá tabu typická pro minulá desetiletí. Zahraniční a bezpečnostní politika však byla stále postavená na desítky let replikované identitě a na pacifistických hodnotách. Tato tendence odpovídá reflexivnímu multilateralismu. V dalším období se německá vláda emancipovala tím, že začala zdůrazňovat své vlastní zájmy, nezalekla se odmítnout účast na operaci, jež neměla souhlas OSN, ani izolace. Vztah vůči USA ochladl a SRN kladla důraz na bilaterální spojenectví s Francií. Evropská integrace již nebyla povinností, ale stala se spíše dobrovolnou záležitostí. Toto naplňování nově nalezených zájmů svědčí o instrumentálním pojetí multilateralismu. V dalším období se nová vláda velké koalice snažila obnovit důvěru v SRN a oživit evropský integrační projekt. Vláda se účastnila mise v Kongu, kde převzala dokonce velení, a postupně plnila své závazky v rámci...
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United States and Europe: the causes of the origins and decline of the regional hegemony strategy
Přikryl, Pavel ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
American policy towards European integration process has always seemed equivocal: on one hand it actively supported and encouraged the process, but on the other hand it tried to contain some specific European ambitions and steer the process in a desirable direction. The objective of the thesis is to offer a possible explanation of the long-term US policy towards the European integration and European region in general. The dissertation presents a hypothesis that the American policy towards Europe since the Second World War until current times can be explained within the theorethical concept of "regional hegemony strategy". The concept builds on neorealist and neoliberal interpretations of hegemony, which are applied to the process of formulation of American grand strategy. It identifies a set of independent variables effecting the resulting strategy and operationalizes the expected strategy into particular goals. The empirical part of the dissertation then tests the established hyphothesis in two ways. In the first part it analyzes the identified independent variables and tests the causality betwen their historical evolution and evolution of the American grand strategy, especially in relation to the European region. In the consequent parts, it focuses on the American policy towards the European integration...
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Rupture of the Security Policy of France under the Leadership of Nicolas Sarkozy? Comparative Analysis of Participation in Conflicts with the EU and NATO Presence
Zachar, Marián ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis Rupture of the Security Policy of France under the Leadership of Nicolas Sarkozy? Comparative Analysis of Participation in Conflicts with the EU and NATO Presence Marián Zachar Abstract Bachelor thesis "Rupture of the Security Policy of France under the Leadership of Nicolas Sarkozy? Comparative Analysis of Participation in Conflicts with the EU and NATO Presence" evaluates whether the arrival of President Nicolas Sarkozy marked the break or the so called rupture in the French security policy. The first chapter focuses on the historical background of the French foreign and security policy, especially during the presidency of Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy. Their priorities identified in the Defense White Papers and their institutional relations within the EU and NATO were further developed in the following chapters, where approach of both presidents to missions led by NATO and the EU was analyzed. The second chapter consists of the analysis of the Artemis mission in Congo and EUFOR in Chad. Both presidents were involved in these missions them and tried to push the defense cooperation at European level to the next stage, but each one for different reasons - Chirac wanted to balance the influence of NATO in Europe and Sarkozy wanted to embrace both international organizations to improve...
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Instruments of the EU external relations: European Neighbourhood Policy
Tetřev, Matti ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Veselý, Zdeněk (referee)
The main topic of this master thesis is instruments of the EU external representation specifically in case of the European Neighborhood Policy. As the theoretical part this thesis uses forming the external united position of the European countries after the World War II through the key documents adopted in the framework of the European integration, ending with the adoption of the Lisbon Treaty that creates the contemporary instruments for the external representation of the EU. The research question of this thesis is whether in the context of the European Neighborhood Policy is the united position of the EU Member States. The case study of the European Neighborhood Policy combines elements of both quantitative and qualitative research.
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Changes in CFSP and EUBAM missions after the Lisbon Treaty
Hoferková, Natálie ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with Common foreign and security policy of the European Union (CFSP), especially with the influence of the Lisbon Treaty to this policy. Except of the evolution analysis and influence of the Lisbon Treaty in general, are these changes demonstrated on two EUBAM missions, when one of them has begun before the Lisbon Treaty, and the second one after. First chapter focuses on the development of CFSP, second chapter deals with changes, brought by the Lisbon Treaty. Third chapter deals with two EUBAM missions and describes their objectives and progress. At the end of this chapter, there is a comparison of those two missions and the Lisbon Treaty influence conclusion.
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The Transformation of Austrian neutrality
Pastrňáková, Zuzana ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Kochan, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the transformation of Austrian neutrality. Austria became neutral in 1955 because neutrality was seen as the most appropriate option for Austria to become an independent state. Austria has always appreciated its neutrality because it enabled an undisturbed development during the period of the Cold War. Only the European integration remained during this time a sensitive issue. After the Cold War, Austria started to redefine its neutrality to be able to join the European Union. It also started to participate in the Partnership for Peace. The decision to join NATO was finally not made. The end of this thesis assesses the impacts of the Treaty of Lisbon on the Austrian neutrality and shows the possible development of the neutral status of Austria.
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